I already explained why your device disconnects:
Tutorial: no disconnects, AWS verifies valid certificate and communication goes on. This has to work if you did things right. Otherwise, check again.
Bootstrap: AWS disconnects the device, it must connect again with a proper (valid) certificate.
I understand all your concerns, that is why AWS provides a robust and scalable method, and that is your responsibility to implement. Otherwise: generate and load one certificate for each device as the tutorial suggests, and manage your devices one by one or in groups, as you see fit, without bootstrapping or other job related stuff. This has no security concerns (if properly done), except for the hassle of manually adding devices.
If AWS is not sending proper credentials is because you did not properly configure AWS to do that.
If the tutorial works then all things mOS-related are working and what you need is a properly configured AWS environment for bootstrapping, and proper mOS code to interface with AWS in the bootstrapping process. Unfortunately no one has written that as a library (AFAIK) so you’ll (quite likely) have to do it yourself.